Frost dates for Esmond, ND
When the last spring frost and first fall frost usually come, and when to plant, from 30 years of NOAA weather records.
Last spring frost
May 11
typical year
Safe to plant
May 23
frost is over in 9 of 10 years
First fall frost
September 28
typical year
Growing season
138 days
frost-free, typical year
Frost watch this week
Tonight's and the next six nights' lows from the National Weather Service forecast for the station's location. Frost: 32°F or colder. Possible frost: 33–36°F, mostly in low spots on clear, still nights.
When to plant
Counted from this page's frost dates. Warm-season crops wait for the safe-to-plant date.
| Crop | Start indoors | Plant outside | Fall planting |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cool-season crops | |||
| Peas | – | Apr 13 – 27 | – |
| Spinach | – | Mar 30 – Apr 20 | Aug 3 – 17 |
| Lettuce | – | Apr 13 – May 4 | Aug 3 – 17 |
| Radishes | – | Apr 13 – May 25 | Aug 17 – 31 |
| Onions | – | Apr 13 – 27 | – |
| Potatoes | – | Apr 20 – May 4 | – |
| Carrots | – | Apr 20 – May 11 | Jul 6 – 20 |
| Beets | – | Apr 13 – 27 | Jul 20 – Aug 3 |
| Kale | Mar 2 – 16 | Apr 13 – 27 | Jul 20 – Aug 3 |
| Broccoli | Mar 2 – 16 | Apr 27 – May 11 | Jul 20 – Aug 3 |
| Cabbage | Feb 16 – Mar 2 | Apr 13 – 27 | Jul 20 – Aug 3 |
| Garlic | – | – | Aug 17 – Sep 7 |
| Warm-season crops | |||
| Tomatoes | Mar 28 – Apr 11 | May 23 – Jun 6 | – |
| Peppers | Mar 21 – Apr 4 | May 30 – Jun 13 | – |
| Cucumbers | – | May 23 – Jun 13 | – |
| Zucchini | – | May 23 – Jun 20 | – |
| Pumpkins | – | May 23 – Jun 13 | – |
| Green beans | – | May 23 – Jul 20 | – |
| Sweet corn | – | May 23 – Jun 20 | – |
| Basil | Apr 18 – May 2 | May 30 – Jun 6 | – |
Onions: from sets. Green beans: until 10 weeks before the first fall frost. Garlic: harvest next summer.
The year at a glance
Start indoors Plant outside Fall planting
The chance of frost, by date
| 1 year in 10 | Half of years | 9 years in 10 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Spring frost after | May 23 | May 11 | April 30 |
| Fall frost before | September 18 | September 28 | October 10 |
Frost here means 32°F or colder. Read across: in 1 year in 10, spring frost carries on past the first date, which is why that date is the safe-to-plant date.
Hard freeze (28°F)
A hard freeze kills most garden plants, even hardy ones. The last one in spring usually comes around May 3 (May 15 in a late year), and the first one in fall around October 6.
Towns that use these dates
This is the nearest NOAA station with frost records for 2 towns.
Esmond, Balta
Where these dates come from
NOAA weather station ESMOND 9 NNW, ND US (USC00322768), 1991–2020 climate normals. It's the nearest station for 3 zip codes, all within 11 miles:
58313, 58332, 58343
Planting dates follow common university extension advice; your local extension service can fine-tune them for your soil and microclimate.