Frost dates for Grand Portage, MN
When the last spring frost and first fall frost usually come, and when to plant, from 30 years of NOAA weather records.
Last spring frost
May 24
typical year
Safe to plant
June 5
frost is over in 9 of 10 years
First fall frost
September 29
typical year
Growing season
127 days
frost-free, typical year
Frost watch this week
Tonight's and the next six nights' lows from the National Weather Service forecast for the station's location. Frost: 32°F or colder. Possible frost: 33–36°F, mostly in low spots on clear, still nights.
When to plant
Counted from this page's frost dates. Warm-season crops wait for the safe-to-plant date.
| Crop | Start indoors | Plant outside | Fall planting |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cool-season crops | |||
| Peas | – | Apr 26 – May 10 | – |
| Spinach | – | Apr 12 – May 3 | Aug 4 – 18 |
| Lettuce | – | Apr 26 – May 17 | Aug 4 – 18 |
| Radishes | – | Apr 26 – Jun 7 | Aug 18 – Sep 1 |
| Onions | – | Apr 26 – May 10 | – |
| Potatoes | – | May 3 – 17 | – |
| Carrots | – | May 3 – 24 | Jul 7 – 21 |
| Beets | – | Apr 26 – May 10 | Jul 21 – Aug 4 |
| Kale | Mar 15 – 29 | Apr 26 – May 10 | Jul 21 – Aug 4 |
| Broccoli | Mar 15 – 29 | May 10 – 24 | Jul 21 – Aug 4 |
| Cabbage | Mar 1 – 15 | Apr 26 – May 10 | Jul 21 – Aug 4 |
| Garlic | – | – | Aug 18 – Sep 8 |
| Warm-season crops | |||
| Tomatoes | Apr 10 – 24 | Jun 5 – 19 | – |
| Peppers | Apr 3 – 17 | Jun 12 – 26 | – |
| Cucumbers | – | Jun 5 – 26 | – |
| Zucchini | – | Jun 5 – Jul 3 | – |
| Pumpkins | – | Jun 5 – 26 | – |
| Green beans | – | Jun 5 – Jul 21 | – |
| Sweet corn | – | Jun 5 – Jul 3 | – |
| Basil | May 1 – 15 | Jun 12 – 19 | – |
Onions: from sets. Green beans: until 10 weeks before the first fall frost. Garlic: harvest next summer.
The year at a glance
Start indoors Plant outside Fall planting
The chance of frost, by date
| 1 year in 10 | Half of years | 9 years in 10 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Spring frost after | June 5 | May 24 | May 7 |
| Fall frost before | September 16 | September 29 | October 10 |
Frost here means 32°F or colder. Read across: in 1 year in 10, spring frost carries on past the first date, which is why that date is the safe-to-plant date.
Hard freeze (28°F)
A hard freeze kills most garden plants, even hardy ones. The last one in spring usually comes around May 9 (May 25 in a late year), and the first one in fall around October 9.
Where these dates come from
NOAA weather station GRAND PORTAGE, MN US (USC00213296), 1991–2020 climate normals. It's the nearest station for 2 zip codes, all within 15 miles:
55605, 55606
Planting dates follow common university extension advice; your local extension service can fine-tune them for your soil and microclimate.