Frost dates for St. Louis, MO
When the last spring frost and first fall frost usually come, and when to plant, from 30 years of NOAA weather records.
Last spring frost
April 1
typical year
Safe to plant
April 18
frost is over in 9 of 10 years
First fall frost
November 4
typical year
Growing season
218 days
frost-free, typical year
Frost watch this week
Tonight's and the next six nights' lows from the National Weather Service forecast for the station's location. Frost: 32°F or colder. Possible frost: 33–36°F, mostly in low spots on clear, still nights.
When to plant
Counted from this page's frost dates. Warm-season crops wait for the safe-to-plant date.
| Crop | Start indoors | Plant outside | Fall planting |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cool-season crops | |||
| Peas | – | Mar 4 – 18 | – |
| Spinach | – | Feb 18 – Mar 11 | Sep 9 – 23 |
| Lettuce | – | Mar 4 – 25 | Sep 9 – 23 |
| Radishes | – | Mar 4 – Apr 15 | Sep 23 – Oct 7 |
| Onions | – | Mar 4 – 18 | – |
| Potatoes | – | Mar 11 – 25 | – |
| Carrots | – | Mar 11 – Apr 1 | Aug 12 – 26 |
| Beets | – | Mar 4 – 18 | Aug 26 – Sep 9 |
| Kale | Jan 21 – Feb 4 | Mar 4 – 18 | Aug 26 – Sep 9 |
| Broccoli | Jan 21 – Feb 4 | Mar 18 – Apr 1 | Aug 26 – Sep 9 |
| Cabbage | Jan 7 – 21 | Mar 4 – 18 | Aug 26 – Sep 9 |
| Garlic | – | – | Sep 23 – Oct 14 |
| Warm-season crops | |||
| Tomatoes | Feb 21 – Mar 7 | Apr 18 – May 2 | – |
| Peppers | Feb 14 – 28 | Apr 25 – May 9 | – |
| Cucumbers | – | Apr 18 – May 9 | – |
| Zucchini | – | Apr 18 – May 16 | – |
| Pumpkins | – | Apr 18 – May 9 | – |
| Green beans | – | Apr 18 – Aug 26 | – |
| Sweet corn | – | Apr 18 – May 16 | – |
| Basil | Mar 14 – 28 | Apr 25 – May 2 | – |
Onions: from sets. Green beans: until 10 weeks before the first fall frost. Garlic: harvest next summer.
The year at a glance
Start indoors Plant outside Fall planting
The chance of frost, by date
| 1 year in 10 | Half of years | 9 years in 10 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Spring frost after | April 18 | April 1 | March 14 |
| Fall frost before | October 24 | November 4 | November 21 |
Frost here means 32°F or colder. Read across: in 1 year in 10, spring frost carries on past the first date, which is why that date is the safe-to-plant date.
Hard freeze (28°F)
A hard freeze kills most garden plants, even hardy ones. The last one in spring usually comes around March 22 (April 7 in a late year), and the first one in fall around November 15.
Towns that use these dates
This is the nearest NOAA station with frost records for 36 towns.
St. Louis, University City, Kirkwood, Webster Groves, Clayton, Crestwood, Richmond Heights, Sunset Hills, Ladue, Brentwood, Maplewood, Shrewsbury, Glendale, Rock Hill, Northwoods, Pine Lawn, Green Park, Pagedale, Riverview, Marlborough, Warson Woods, Hanley Hills, Wellston, Lakeshire, Venice, IL, Oakland, Velda City, Hillsdale, Grantwood Village, Velda Village Hills, Flordell Hills, Greendale, Beverly Hills, Wilbur Park, Huntleigh, Uplands Park
Where these dates come from
NOAA weather station ST LOUIS SCI CTR, MO US (USC00237452), 1991–2020 climate normals. It's the nearest station for 31 zip codes, all within 11 miles:
62059, 62090, 63101, 63102, 63103, 63105, 63106, 63107, 63108, 63109, 63110, 63112, 63113, 63115, 63116, 63117, 63119, 63120, 63122, 63123, 63124, 63126, 63127, 63128, 63130, 63133, 63139, 63143, 63144, 63147, 63155
Planting dates follow common university extension advice; your local extension service can fine-tune them for your soil and microclimate.